# Doctors uncertain which antibiotics still work where they practise

Resistance data rarely reaches the clinics where antibiotics are prescribed

Problem 0005 · Health · Theme: Measurement · What it would take: A funded startup · Scope: Global · Editorial grade: Critical · Framed 21 September 2026 · Updated 2 October 2026 · Framed from public reporting

When a patient has an infection, the doctor, nurse or pharmacist has to choose an antibiotic that will work, and which ones still work depends on the place: resistance differs between countries and regions, and it is growing. The surest way to know is a laboratory test, but much prescribing happens in clinics without a laboratory nearby, and a test takes days. So the decision is based on guidance and national advice that may not match local patterns. What happens next is rarely recorded, so a failed treatment does not inform the next prescriber, and the maps of resistance that guide treatment are drawn from the minority of cases that reach a laboratory, often missing the places where resistance is worst.

## Who lives with it

Patients with common infections · doctors, nurses and pharmacists prescribing without a laboratory · hospitals and health ministries setting treatment guidelines

## Why now

The World Health Organization reported on 13 October 2025 that one in six laboratory-confirmed common bacterial infections worldwide were resistant to antibiotics in 2023, rising to one in three in South-East Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean, and that resistance rose in over 40% of the combinations it monitors between 2018 and 2023. Yet 48% of countries reported no data that year, and about half of those that did lacked systems to produce reliable data.

## Why it matters

Laboratories are costly and slow to build, and rapid tests answer for one patient at a time without building a shared picture. The knowledge that matters, which drug failed for which infection and where, is lost at the point of care. Health ministries and funders tracking resistance, hospital groups writing local guidelines, and makers of tests and prescribing software would pay for a way to see what still works, place by place.

## From public reporting

- [WHO warns of widespread resistance to common antibiotics worldwide](https://www.who.int/news/item/13-10-2025-who-warns-of-widespread-resistance-to-common-antibiotics-worldwide), World Health Organization, 13 October 2025
- [Global antibiotic resistance surveillance report 2025](https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116337), World Health Organization, 13 October 2025

## Cite it

“Resistance data rarely reaches the clinics where antibiotics are prescribed.” Ainna Problem Radar, problem 0005, 21 September 2026. https://ainna.ai/problems/doctors-prescribe-antibiotics-without-knowing-what-works-locally

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